The Spanish word 'verdura' (meaning 'vegetable') has its roots in the Latin word 'virere', which meant 'to be vigorous or flourishing'. From this verb came the Latin adjective 'viridis', meaning 'green' or 'vigorous'. This evolved into the Spanish word 'verde' (meaning 'green'), and when combined with the Spanish suffix '-ura' (which indicates the result of an action), it formed 'verdura' - literally meaning 'green thing' or 'the result of being green', which came to specifically refer to vegetables.

The most obvious related Spanish word is 'verde' (green), which is much more common and basic. When you learn that vegetables are called 'verduras' in Spanish, you can easily remember it by thinking of them as 'green things'. Other related words include 'verdor' (greenness), 'verdecer' (to become green), and 'verdoso' (greenish).

While English 'verdant' and 'verdure' might not be everyday words, they share the same Latin root as 'verdura'. 'Verdant' means 'green with vegetation' or 'lush', while 'verdure' refers to green vegetation or the fresh, green color of growing things. These words entered English through French, but they all trace back to the same Latin root 'viridis'.