The Spanish word 'cabrita' meaning 'little goat' or 'kid' comes from the Spanish word 'cabra' (goat) combined with the diminutive suffix '-ita'. The word 'cabra' itself can be traced back to the Latin word 'capra' meaning 'she-goat', which is related to the Latin masculine form 'caper' meaning 'he-goat'. The evolution from Latin 'capra' to Spanish 'cabra' shows a typical sound change where the Latin 'p' became 'b' in Spanish, a common phenomenon in the development of Spanish from Latin.

The most obvious related Spanish word is 'cabra' (goat), which is the base word from which 'cabrita' is derived. The diminutive suffix '-ita' is also very common in Spanish and is used to form diminutives of many other words, like 'mesa' (table) → 'mesita' (little table) or 'casa' (house) → 'casita' (little house).

While English doesn't have many common words directly related to 'cabrita', there are some specialized terms that share the same Latin root. For example, the word 'caprine' meaning 'goat-like' or 'relating to goats' comes from the same Latin root 'capra'. Similarly, 'Capricorn', the astrological sign represented by a goat, combines this same root (capri-) with 'cornu' meaning 'horn'.