The Spanish word 'avanzado' (meaning 'advanced') has its roots in Latin. It developed from two Latin prefixes combining together: 'ab-' meaning 'from/away' and 'ante' meaning 'before'. These merged to form the Late Latin 'abante' meaning 'before, in front'. This then evolved into the Vulgar Latin verb 'abantiare' meaning 'to advance', which eventually became the Spanish verb 'avanzar'. The word 'avanzado' is the past participle of 'avanzar', used as an adjective to mean 'advanced'.

You can see how the meaning evolved logically: the concept of 'before/in front' (abante) developed into the idea of moving forward (avanzar) and then to describe something that has moved forward or progressed (avanzado).

A simpler related Spanish word is 'avance' meaning 'advance' or 'progress'. This noun comes directly from the verb 'avanzar'. You might also encounter 'adelante' (meaning 'forward' or 'ahead'), which, while not directly from the same root, shares the Latin 'ante' in its etymology and carries a similar conceptual meaning of 'forward movement'.

The English words 'advance' and 'advantage' are closely related to 'avanzado', as they also come from the same Latin root 'abante'. You can see the similarity in both form and meaning - 'advance' refers to moving forward or progressing, just like 'avanzar'. 'Advantage' developed from the idea of being 'ahead' or 'in front' of others, which gave one a favorable position.