The Spanish word 'ataviado' (meaning 'adorned' or 'dressed up') has an interesting Germanic origin, tracing back to Gothic, an extinct East Germanic language. It comes from the Gothic word 'attaujan' meaning 'to arrange,' which itself derived from the simpler Gothic word 'taujan' meaning 'to do' or 'to make.' The word evolved into the Spanish verb 'ataviar' (meaning 'to adorn' or 'to dress up'), and 'ataviado' is its past participle form, created by adding the Spanish suffix '-ado.'

This etymology shows an interesting semantic development from the general concept of 'doing' or 'making' (taujan), to the more specific 'arranging' (attaujan), and finally to the even more specific meaning of 'adorning' or 'dressing up' in Spanish.

The verb 'ataviar' is the most directly related Spanish word, being the base verb from which 'ataviado' is formed. While 'ataviado' specifically refers to something or someone that is already adorned or dressed up, 'ataviar' is the action of adorning or dressing up.

While there aren't any common English words directly related to 'ataviado' through the Gothic roots, it's worth noting that the '-ado' ending in Spanish functions similarly to the English '-ed' ending in forming past participles. Just as we say 'adorned' or 'dressed' in English, Spanish uses '-ado' to create 'ataviado' with a similar grammatical function.