The Spanish word 'andaluz' (meaning 'Andalusian') comes from the Arabic term 'al-Andalus', which was the name given to the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule from the 8th to the 15th centuries. The Arabic name 'al-Andalus' specifically referred to the territory that would later become known as Andalusia in southern Spain. When Spanish evolved from Latin and absorbed Arabic influences during the medieval period, the term was adapted into 'andaluz' to describe people, culture, and things originating from this region.

The word 'andaluz' is closely related to 'Andalucía' (Andalusia), the name of the southernmost autonomous community of Spain. You might also encounter related terms like 'andalucismo' (referring to Andalusian regionalism or linguistic features) and 'andalusí' (relating to the culture and period of Muslim rule in al-Andalus).

While there aren't many common English words directly related to 'andaluz', English has borrowed the term 'Andalusian' as the direct translation. The region's name has also influenced some English terms like 'Andalusian horse' (a Spanish breed) and appears in cultural references to 'Andalusian art' or 'Andalusian music'.