The Spanish word 'taza' (meaning 'cup') has an interesting journey through Middle Eastern languages. It originated from the Persian word 'tašt' meaning 'bowl'. This word was borrowed into Arabic as 'ṭassah', keeping a similar meaning of 'basin' or 'bowl'. As Arabic influence spread to the Iberian Peninsula, the word evolved in Andalusi Arabic (the variety of Arabic spoken in medieval Islamic Spain) as 'ṭássa'. Finally, it was adopted into Spanish as 'taza', with its meaning narrowing specifically to 'cup'.

This etymology showcases the historical cultural and linguistic connections between Persia, the Arab world, and Spain, particularly during the period of Islamic rule in the Iberian Peninsula (711-1492 CE). The slight shifts in meaning from a general 'bowl' to a more specific 'cup' illustrate how words can become more specialized as they move between languages.

While 'taza' itself is a relatively simple and common Spanish word, there aren't many other commonly used Spanish words that share its Persian-Arabic etymology. This is because it entered Spanish as a specific borrowed term for a drinking vessel.

While English doesn't have any direct cognates of 'taza', it's interesting to note that the English word 'tass' (an archaic term for a drinking cup) and 'tazza' (a shallow ornamental bowl or cup mounted on a stem and base, often used in Italian decorative arts) are related words that came from the same Arabic source. However, these words are quite rare in modern English usage.