The Spanish word 'perdido' (meaning 'lost') comes from the verb 'perder' ('to lose'), which traces back to the Latin verb 'perdere' with the same meaning. The Latin 'perdere' was formed by combining two elements: the prefix 'per-' meaning 'completely' and the verb 'dare' meaning 'to give'. So etymologically, to lose something was thought of as 'to give it away completely'.

The past participle 'perdido' developed from 'perder' following regular Spanish verb patterns, where -er verbs typically form their past participles with -ido.

Some common Spanish words related to 'perdido' include the basic verb 'perder' (to lose), 'pérdida' (loss), and 'perdedor' (loser). All these words share the same root and basic concept of loss or losing something.

While English 'perdition' (meaning complete loss or destruction, especially spiritual damnation) comes from the same Latin root 'perdere', it took on a more specific religious meaning in English. Another related English word is 'pardon', which comes from the same Latin elements (per- + dare) through French, but evolved to mean 'to give completely' in the sense of forgiveness rather than loss.