The Spanish word 'penique' comes from Old English 'penig', meaning 'penny'. This is an interesting case of English influence on Spanish vocabulary, particularly in the realm of currency and commerce. The word maintained its meaning while adapting to Spanish phonology and spelling conventions, with the final 'g' becoming 'que' to maintain the hard 'k' sound in Spanish.

There aren't many common Spanish words directly related to 'penique' since it's a borrowing from English rather than developing from Latin or other Romance language roots.

The English word 'penny' is directly related to 'penique', as they share the same Old English ancestor 'penig'. While English simplified the pronunciation and spelling to 'penny', Spanish adapted the word to fit its phonological patterns. This connection makes it easy for English speakers to remember that 'penique' refers to a penny or a small unit of currency.