The Spanish word 'jocote', which refers to a type of fruit tree and its edible fruit, comes from the Nahuatl (Aztec) word 'xocotl', meaning 'sour' or 'sweet-sour fruit'. This borrowing shows the influence of indigenous Mesoamerican languages on Spanish vocabulary, particularly for local flora. The phonetic change from Nahuatl 'x' (pronounced like English 'sh') to Spanish 'j' is a common pattern in Spanish borrowings from Nahuatl.

Since 'jocote' comes directly from Nahuatl and is a relatively specific term for a particular fruit tree, there aren't many common Spanish words that are etymologically related to it. This is typical of Spanish words borrowed from indigenous American languages, which often refer to specific local items or concepts.

There aren't any common English words directly related to 'jocote', as it comes from Nahuatl. However, English has borrowed the word itself as 'jocote' when referring to this specific tropical fruit, though it's not widely used outside of contexts discussing Central American cuisine or botany.