The Spanish word 'hipérbaton' comes from Latin 'hyperbatum', which was borrowed from Ancient Greek 'hyperbaton' meaning 'transposition'. The Greek term was formed by combining two elements: 'hyper-' meaning 'over, above' and 'bainein' meaning 'to go, walk'. Together, these elements created a word that literally meant 'stepping over' or 'going beyond', which evolved to refer to a rhetorical device where words are transposed from their normal order in a sentence.

The prefix 'hiper-' in Spanish, derived from the same Greek 'hyper-', appears in many common Spanish words like 'hipertensión' (hypertension), 'hipermercado' (hypermarket), and 'hiperactivo' (hyperactive). In all these cases, it maintains its original meaning of 'over, above, or beyond'.

English speakers might recognize the connection to words containing 'hyper-', such as 'hyperactive', 'hyperlink', and 'hyperbole'. The English word 'hyperbaton' exists as well, though it's primarily used in technical contexts of rhetoric and literature. The 'hyper-' prefix in English comes from the same Greek source and maintains the sense of 'over, above, or beyond'. Additionally, the '-baton' part is related to English words like 'acrobat' (literally 'high-walker') and 'base' (from the idea of walking or stepping), though this connection is less obvious.