The Spanish word 'feriado' (meaning 'holiday') comes from the Spanish verb 'feriar' meaning 'to celebrate or trade', which itself derives from the Spanish noun 'feria' (meaning 'fair' or 'festival'). The Spanish 'feria' comes from Latin 'feria' meaning 'holiday' or 'festival'. The ending '-ado' is the past participle suffix in Spanish, similar to '-ed' in English, making 'feriado' literally mean something like 'celebrated' or 'made into a holiday'.

A simpler and very common related Spanish word is 'feria', which means 'fair' or 'festival'. You might hear this word used for local fairs, markets, or festivals. Some Spanish-speaking countries also use 'feria' to refer to specific weekdays. The connection between 'feriado' and 'feria' is clear - a 'feriado' is a holiday or day off that historically might have coincided with a 'feria' or festival.

While there isn't a direct English cognate for 'feriado', English words like 'fair' (as in a county fair) and 'feast' are distant relatives, all ultimately coming from similar ancient roots relating to festivals and celebrations. The English word 'fair' (meaning an exhibition or market) captures a similar concept to the Spanish 'feria', both referring to gatherings for celebration and trade.