The Spanish word 'barbado' meaning 'bearded' comes from the Latin word 'barbatus', which had the same meaning. The Latin 'barbatus' was formed by combining two elements: the noun 'barba' meaning 'beard' and the adjectival suffix '-atus'. This suffix '-atus' was commonly used in Latin to form adjectives indicating possession or being characterized by something. So literally, 'barbatus' meant 'having a beard' or 'characterized by a beard', which evolved into Spanish as 'barbado'.

The Spanish word 'barba' meaning 'beard' is directly related to 'barbado' and is actually simpler and more commonly used. While 'barbado' is the adjective meaning 'bearded', 'barba' is the noun for 'beard' itself. You might also encounter 'barbería' meaning 'barbershop', which comes from the same root.

While English 'barb' might look related, it actually has a different etymology. However, English has borrowed some words from this Latin root, such as 'barber' (someone who cuts and styles hair, especially beards) and 'barbate' (a technical term meaning 'bearded' used mainly in botany and zoology). The word 'barbarous' also comes from this root, as it originally referred to those who had beards, as opposed to the clean-shaven Romans!