The name 'Patagonia' has an interesting literary origin that may have been influenced by ancient geography. It comes directly from the Spanish word 'patagón', which was a character in a popular Spanish chivalric romance novel called 'Primaleón' published in 1512. The name choice for this character may have been inspired by 'Paphlagonia' (Παφλαγονία in Greek), which was the name of an ancient region in northern Turkey.

When European explorers later encountered the indigenous peoples of South America's southern region, they applied this literary term 'patagón' to describe them, and subsequently, the region became known as 'Patagonia'. This is a fascinating example of how literary imagination and classical geography combined to create the name for one of Earth's most distinctive regions.

There aren't many common Spanish words directly related to 'Patagonia' since it's a proper noun that was created as a unique geographical designation.

While 'Patagonia' is used in English, it's a direct borrowing from Spanish and doesn't have etymologically related English words. Today, many English speakers might associate it with the outdoor clothing and gear company that took its name from this region.