The Spanish verb 'deslomar' (meaning 'to break one's back') is formed from three key elements: the noun 'lomo' (meaning 'back' or 'loin'), the negative prefix 'des-', and the verb-forming suffix '-ar'. The base word 'lomo' comes from Latin 'lumbus', which meant 'lower back' or 'loin'. When combined with the negative prefix 'des-' and made into a verb with '-ar', the word literally means 'to un-back' or 'to damage the back', which evolved to mean 'to break one's back' in modern Spanish.

The simpler and more common Spanish word 'lomo' is directly related to 'deslomar'. While 'deslomar' refers to injuring or breaking the back, 'lomo' simply means 'back' or 'loin' and is commonly used in contexts like 'lomo de cerdo' (pork loin) or 'dolor de lomo' (back pain).

While there aren't many common English cognates directly related to 'deslomar', the anatomical term 'lumbar' (relating to the lower back) comes from the same Latin root 'lumbus'. This connection can be seen in medical terms like 'lumbar vertebrae' or 'lumbar region', all referring to the lower back area.