The Spanish word 'aguinaldo', meaning 'Christmas bonus', has an interesting etymology that traces back to Latin. It comes from the Latin phrase 'hoc in anno' meaning 'in this year'. The phrase evolved first to 'aguilando' in Spanish before settling into its modern form 'aguinaldo'. This transformation shows how Latin phrases could become condensed into single Spanish words over time.

The semantic shift from 'in this year' to 'Christmas bonus' likely developed because these end-of-year bonuses or gifts were traditionally given during the holiday season, marking a special occasion in the year.

While 'aguinaldo' itself is a common Spanish word, particularly in Latin America, there aren't many simpler Spanish words that share its specific Latin origin from 'hoc in anno'. However, the Spanish word 'año' (meaning 'year') is related to the Latin 'anno' portion of the etymology, though this is a separate development.

While there aren't direct English cognates of 'aguinaldo', English has several words derived from the Latin 'annus' (year) that was part of the original phrase. These include 'annual' (yearly), 'anniversary' (yearly occurrence), and 'annuity' (yearly payment). The connection between these words and 'aguinaldo' helps remind us that both refer to events or payments that occur on a yearly basis.